The first one is textbook-oriented. Students are learning out-dated knowledge from textbooks because those are in the exam syllabus. However, learning should not only fixed in textbook. The authority always said that students have to learn critical thinking, but they only practice it apparently. For example, model answer is even available in the subject "Liberal Studies". Obviously, students cannot learn the ways of applying their knowledge in daily life under HK's education system.
The second problem is the common goals in Hong Kong society. Most people believe "get into University" is the aim of study. People who cannot get a place in University are losers.
In fact, however, some of the jobs are not require a degree qualification but experiences. For example, chef. Unfortunately, I don't think enough supports are provided to those who are not going to study in university but want to go to some other work field.
Here is my opinion.
Education should be divided into 2 parts to fulfill different functions.
The first part is to let children have a overall understanding and skill of the society and even the world.
After that, from what have they learnt in the first part of education, they should be able to know what they will study in further. Then, education system can provide supports to equip them.
In other words, if student A is good at science, A can further his or her study in science field in high school and then University. But for student B, he or she is not good at study, B can feel free to select his or her way.
If B wish to become a designer or a chef, authority should provide related training and enough supports for B.
Moreover, government should provide subsidies to both academic programmes and non-academic programmes. All of the students who are eager to learn and well equip themselves have the right to gain equivalent supports from the authority.
To everyone who are fighting for the exam or worrying about somethings, I would like to share this song to you. Enjoy~ (・∀・)ノ
『頑張ろうよ』 feat. amu